This is a dental specialty that studies the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases that affect the gums, cementum, and alveolar bone in one way or another.

Failure to remove tartar from the mouth favors the development of bacterial plaque that can accumulate beneath the gum line. The gums become inflamed due to the resulting infection, resulting in a condition called gingivitis. If this condition is not treated properly or in a timely manner, it can worsen and become periodontitis, the most serious form of periodontal disease.

Gingivitis is a gum infection. In its initial stages, it may not cause symptoms because it is painless or uncomfortable. However, as the disease progresses, it can cause swelling or redness of the gums, as well as sensitivity and constant bleeding. However, the most serious signs occur when the tooth begins to move and the gums recede. In these cases, it is periodontitis.

Factors that contribute to the development of these diseases include smoking, stress, dental crowding, bruxism, diabetes, and hypertension.

It is very difficult to detect these diseases because we don’t perceive pain except in rare cases. However, we should pay attention to bleeding or discharge. Diagnosis is made after a periodontal study based on a periodontogram and a series of X-rays. The degree of gum inflammation and bone loss is determined, and the appropriate treatment is determined.